Water Saving Ideas


Drought Tolerant Plantings PDF Print

Limiting water usage will become increasingly more important as time progresses and our population continues to grow.  We do not give much thought to the water that we use for our gardens and beds, but as in California and other dry climates, the rationing of water may eventually become a necessity for all of us.  Rather than wait until the problem forces conservation techniques, why don’t we implement water saving principles now and maybe even prevent the need for rationing in the future.

One of the best solutions to limiting our garden and bed water usage is to introduce drought tolerance principles.  Drought tolerance involves more than just introducing drought tolerant plants into our existing environment.  The process as described in the book Gaia’s Garden - A guide to home-scale permaculture by Toby Hemenway (ChelseaGreen.com), is a 5 pronged approach to reducing water requirements and increasing the ability of a garden to sustain in dryer climates and seasons.

The 5 steps in this process are:

1.       Retain as much water on site in the existing soil as possible
2.       Create rain gardens or micro swales to hold water
3.       Plant densely and keep the soil shaded
4.       Install plants that are tolerant to dryer conditions and consume less water
5.       Mulch
 

Here is a breakdown of these 5 steps for more clarity.

Soil Water Retention

Without good water retention in your soil, even the most drought resistant plants will perish.  Heavy clay soils with a thin layer of topsoil will not sustain plantings without supplemental irrigation.  However, soils that are prepared correctly can act as water reservoirs to sustain plant life during dry times.  1 foot of properly prepared soil will hold up to several inches of water.

Quality soil can be created relatively quickly with a technique called sheet mulching or over time by adding organic matter such as compost.  Either system produces soil that is multi-layered and deep with organic matter.  This enriched soil provides a prime system for holding water and capturing rain as it falls.

Micro Swales and Rain Gardens

Rain gardens and Micro Swales are both designed to help contain water in the soil.  Micro Swales in an “S” shape profile act almost as small terraces.  These profiles help to keep water from running off and allow it to soak into the soil.  Rain gardens are small micro detention areas that collect rain water from hillsides and roof systems.  Any system such as this encourages the water to remain on site instead of running off into the storm system.

Dense Planting Patterns and Shading

When planting patterns are dense, the soil is shaded and remains cooler.  Shaded soil will not be as exposed to the sun and to evaporation of water.  Heavy mulching of beds will also keep the soil shaded and will help to retain moisture for the plants.  As plants die or as leaves fall off, this material should be mulched right into the soil.  This added mulch will also provide additional shading and organic material.  Soils with more mulch and organic material are much better at tolerating heavy rains.  Self mulching in a continual pattern will also increase fertility in the soil.

Install Plants with Decreased Water Requirements

Only after a proper soil base has been established, should you introduce plants.  Using plants that require less water will help your gardens and beds maintain themselves without demanding near the water of a topsoil over clay system.  Contact your local landscaper or landscape architect for a listing of drought tolerant plants that will grow well in your area of the country and will create the look that you desire.   Please check out our references page for ideas.

Conclusion

Creating drought tolerance involves more than just the selection of plants.  It is a detailed process that begins with the quality soil.  Soil that is prepared and maintained properly is the foundation for good water retention and decreased water loss through evaporation.

  

Special Thanks to Acornlandscapes.com for guidance on this article

 
Dual Flush Toilet Kit Installation PDF Print
I wrote in my blog about a month ago that I had ordered a conversion kit for my existing toilet that would change it to a dual flush toilet. I ordered the kit from (Aquanotion). The kit was simple to install on my existing toilet and the process took only about an hour. The installation required the use of a few simple hand tools and can be accomplished by anyone with limited mechanical ability.

I photographed the installation process which is described in detail on the instruction sheet that comes with the kit. Follow along with me as I walk you through the process.

Begin by closing the water supply valve to the toilet and flushing the toilet. When the tank is empty, use a wash cloth to remove the remaining water in the tank. Once the water is gone, remove the tank by undoing the two nuts on the bottom of the tank. Lift the tank from the toilet and place it on the floor.

Remove the existing flush lever from the tank.

Remove the rubber seal on the bottom of the flush assembly which will expose the nut that holds the assembly on. Loosen the nut and remove the flush assembly from the toilet. This same hole is where you will install the new dual flush assembly.

  

     

Insert the new dual flush assembly and thread on the new nut. Tighten the nut. Make sure to point the assembly in the correct direction as shown in the photograph.

  

When the dual flush assembly is installed correctly, it should look like this.

  

Insert the new dual flush lever assembly into the hole at the top of the tank. There are several bushings included that you may use to fit your particular toilet. My toilet which is a Gerber, did not require any of these bushings. Once the lever is installed, I slid the black washer onto the interior side of the assembly to hold it in place.

    

The next process is to install the grey and white levers. As shown in this photograph, the grey lever is installed first. The flush lever is constructed with a series of slots that only allow it to go on in one way. The grey lever may need to be cut off to make it the correct length for installation. Each brand of toilet may require a different length. The end of the grey lever will be installed into the top of the fork assembly on the new flush assembly.

    

Install the white lever assembly. You will need to cut it to length also. It inserts into the top of the tube on the dual flush assembly. The nipple on the lever is supposed to be installed facing up.

Once the lever is installed properly, connect the water supply hose onto the nipple.

  

Install the white plastic retainer clip on the dual flush lever assembly and reinstall the tank on the toilet. Make sure to reinstall the rubber seal on the bottom of the dual flush assembly before mounting the tank. Install and tighten the nuts to hold the tank and re-attach the water supply line. Turn on the water and check for any leaks.

  

You are now ready to flush away. Remember, the smaller inside lever is for a half flush of about .8 gallons and the larger outside lever is for a full flush of 1.6 gallons.

  

 

 
Water Collection with Rain Barrels & Tanks PDF Print
Water conservation can take many forms.  As we have stated in earlier articles, it is very important to minimize the amount of purified water that we use in our homes.  A second form of conservation that many of us overlook is the capture and utilization of rainwater falling on our home sites.  Using rain water and preventing runoff has several advantages:
  • Reduces  the water volume processed by community storm water systems
  • Decreases the water borne pollution entering local streams and rivers
  • Reduces soil moisture in contact with the home’s foundation
  • Provides oxygenated, un-chlorinated water for garden plants  (Rain Barrel Source.com)

Two ways to capture water are through the use of Rain Barrels and underground storage tanks.    I want to begin the discussion with Rain Barrels.  They are the easier of the two storage options to install.  Rain Barrels are relatively inexpensive, ranging in price from $199 to $299.  Rain Barrels are simply set around the house under your existing downspouts.  Rain water from your gutters flows into the rain barrels and fills them for use at a later time.  The Rain Barrel has a spigot and valve that is located at the bottom of the barrel that controls the release of the water.  

The simplest method for releasing the water from a Rain Barrel is through gravity.  As long as the barrel is higher than the area to be watered or close to the same height, the pressure of the water in the barrel along with gravity will cause it to flow.  Once the water is flowing, the siphon effect will cause it to continue until you close the spigot.  The flow of water can also be increased by placing the Rain Barrels on elevated platforms or tables.  Make sure that the surface that you set your Rain Barrel on is strong and solid.  A rain barrel can contain as much as 65 gallons with a weight of over 540 pounds.  An unstable or weak supporting surface can be dangerous and messy if the Rain Barrel shifts or falls.

Modification of your existing downspouts is required to divert the water into the rain barrels, but the process can be performed with relative ease.  Several companies manufacture diverters.   One type of diverter fits neatly into a standard 3x4 downspout and has an overflow float that will stop water from going to the Rain Barrel once it is full (Gardeners.com).   A second type of diverter acts like a simple trap door.  When opened manually, it will divert water into the rain barrel.  Most rain barrels have an overflow relief of some kind that will allow excess water to flow out of the Rain Barrel and continue on to the path of the downspouts (Composters.com ).   You will find many versions and improvements on the diverter system as you investigate.  One company that makes a barrel that appears to be well thought out is (Aqualbarrel.com ).  The added benefit to their barrel is that they are recycled from discarded barrels used in the syrup and food concentrate industry.

Larger storage tanks can also be employed for the containment of rain water.  Large storage tanks will require the assistance of a landscape contractor for installation.  They must be dug into the ground and then tied into the gutter drainage system.  Underground storage tanks also require an overflow that allows excess water to continue on into the storm sewer system.  “For every 1,000 square feet of catchment area, you can expect to collect, in total, approximately 600 gallons of rain water for every inch of rain that falls” (Rain Barrel Source.com ). By burying a large 1000 or 2000 gallon storage tank and diverting the water from downspouts to it, a sizable amount of rain water can be contained for future use.  If underground storage tanks are used, they will require the use of some sort of electric pump to extract the water.  These pumps can also be used to aid in the dispersion of water from Rain Barrels (Rain Barrel Source.com ).  You will need to make sure that the pump is sized to accommodate your particular tank and situation.

Many people falsely assume that they can use rainwater to irrigate their lawns.   I spoke to my landscape contractor (Basile Landscaping.com) regarding the amount of rainwater that is necessary to irrigate a lawn, and it is a staggering amount.  The lawn and landscaping in your yard needs an average of one inch per week.  For every square foot of lawn area, multiply by .62 and this will give you gallons of water required to give you 1 inch of coverage over the yard per week.  The average lawn of 7500 square feet requires 4650 gallons of water per week.  As you can see, this is far beyond what you will collect with even a large 1000 gallon storage tank.  The best use for collected water is to supplement the watering of gardens, flowers and residential landscaping.  These smaller areas will not produce the same demand for water that your lawn requires but can still benefit from your collected rainwater.  For example, a 6 foot bed in front of your house that is 50 feet long is a total of 300 square feet.  This bed will require 186 gallons of water per week to maintain the required 1 inch of water.  This is much more attainable with the systems that we are discussing.  Remember, that every gallon of water that you collect and use is one less gallon that needs to be collected, purified and pumped from your municipal water system. 

basilelandscaping-small.jpg

 

 

 

 
<< Start < Prev 1 2 Next > End >>

Page 1 of 2

Twitter Updates

  • Wm. Shatner, when asked if he had regrets about his life choices. “Regret is the worst human emotion." I agree, let's look forward instead!
  • @greenmorality interesting article on future trash. Good to discuss these things and hopefully change our world. Thanks for the thoughts!
  • @jebbanner gets expensive building houses this way.
  • Learning perseverance in negotiations. Patience is important.

Our Customers

"Steve Horn of Mastercraft Design & Build is truly a professional in the field of custom home building. He uses reputable and highly qualified subcontractors who stand by their work. I wouldn’t say building a house is easy; but Steve made the process rewarding by keeping us involved in every step of the process from design to completion. Steve was easy to work with on all the upgrades and kept detailed records of the progress to stay on schedule. We have a beautiful home we can enjoy for years to come."

Len & Midge M.


"We have found Steve Horn to be not only an expert in building custom homes but also in building a custom "Green" home. We had ideas about building green that he not only put into action but helped in making sure we were doing it correctly...

-Stephen & Dawn K., Crestwood, MO


I have been in construction and maintenance for the past 30 years.  Over that time, I have worked with some good contractors as well as some who did not meet my expectations.  MasterCraft Design & Build is at the top of my list of outstanding contractors.  Steve helped us to create a custom design/build home and made the process very easy and enjoyable.  We love our new home and recommend MasterCraft Design & Build to anyone wanting to build their dream home.”

Joe and Jane S., Mehlville, MO


"MasterCraft made sure that everything was done beyond ourexpectations!  The work was excellent, and the subcontractors were professional and polite as well.”

- Rebecca P,  Manchester, MO

Click to Read More!